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What is a head injury?
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Any type of injury to the head following trauma involving the brain, skull, or scalp. It can be mild, moderate, or severe. Common types include:
Concussion: It’s a mild traumatic brain injury. May be associated with transient loss of consciousness. A person may feel dizzy and might lose vision or balance for a short while.
Brain contusion: In simple words, it’s a bruise of the brain. Minor bleed in the brain causes swelling in the brain.
Skull fracture: fracture of the skull bone mostly by a direct or indirect hit on the skull. Broken skull bone can sometimes go inside the brain and can cause secondary injury.
Hematoma: Bleeding inside the brain can sometimes present immediately and sometimes even weeks later.
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Symptoms of a head injury
Headache is associated with head injury which is normally associated with nausea and vomiting.one may be dizzy or disoriented just after trauma.
Problems in focusing or remembering.
Other symptoms include ringing in your ears, neck pain, or vision problems. These symptoms often go away in a few weeks, but may last longer if the injury is severe.
Get help right away if you notice the following:
Worsening headache, nausea or vomiting
Drastic change in behaviour like confusion of anger
Visual problem, diplopia or blurring of vision
Difficulty in walking or speaking
Respiratory problem
Any king of discharge from nose or ear.
Weakness or numbness in arms or legs
Drowsiness
Any abnormal movement of any body part (seizures).
What causes a head injury?
Fall while playing, road traffic accidents, construction site accidents etc. Severe head injuries are most likely to occur in a car, motorcycle, or bicycle accident.
Can a head injury be prevented or avoided?
One can not always avoid head injuries, but can do things to decrease your risk by following safety measures like-
Wearing a seatbelt in the car.
Wearing a helmet on a motorcycle or bicycle.
Wearing proper protective gear at work or when playing sports.
Keeping a close watch on children and elderly people for falls or accidents.
Head injury treatment
A mild head injury requires no treatment however one should know the danger signs like worsening headache, repeated vomiting, disorientation, weakness of limbs, slurring of speech or preference to sleep.Moderate to severe head injury requires admission and depending on the condition of the patient may require medical management or life-saving surgery.
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